Urinary incontinence is the inability to control the flow of urine from the bladder. Urine is produced continuously by the kidneys. From each kidney the urine passes down a tube called a 'ureter' into the bladder, which is a muscular 'sack' in which urine is stored until it is expelled from the body. There is a muscular ring, the 'sphincter', at the neck (outflow) of the bladder that prevents urine flowing out. When your bladder is full, you have the sensation of needing to pass urine. This sensation occurs through the nerves in the bladder wall. When you pass urine, your sphincter muscle relaxes while your bladder wall muscles contract and the urine passes out through a tube called the 'urethra'. You can increase the pressure on the bladder by contracting the muscles of your abdomen and pelvis to help expel the urine.
What are the causes, who is at risk and what are the symptoms of urinary incontinence?
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